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Series

Testosterone & cardiovascular safety

The evidence arc on TRT and heart risk — from TOM and Vigen through the FDA warnings to TRAVERSE and the 2025 labeling change.

Parts: 9
By: Keen Clinician Team

Read in order

9. The TOM Trial, 2010: 209 Men, Stopped Early, and Still Being Quoted

10. Vigen 2013: The Study That Started the Cardiovascular Scare

11. The 83,010-Veteran Study: What an Observational Cohort Can and Cannot Show

12. TRAVERSE Main Trial: The Definitive Cardiovascular Safety Study

13. Testosterone and Blood Clots: The Case-Crossover Study That Found a Signal

14. The Boxed Warning: How Cardiovascular Language Got on the Label, and How It Came Off

15. February 2025: What the FDA Actually Changed on Every Testosterone Label

16. Why TRAVERSE Settled It: The Design Decisions That Made the Trial Decisive

17. Testosterone and Heart Health: The Whole Clinical Picture

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